Yellow-Striped Pygmy Eleuth (Eleutherodactylus limbatus) is a tiny frog endemic to Cuba

The Yellow-Striped Pygmy Eleuth (Eleutherodactylus limbatus) is a tiny frog endemic to Cuba, , with males and females nearly the same size and reaching only 11.7 and 11.8 mm in SVL, respectively. Glandular areas are absent. There is no webbing between the toes. The digits are small and the digital tips are not expanded. Finger I is approximately of the same length than the finger II. The vomerine teeth are absent

Measuring only 1/3 inch (11.7-11.8 mm), the Yellow-Striped Pygmy Eleuth (Eleutherodactylus limbatus) is perhaps the fourth-smallest frog in the world.

This frog is dark brown to purplish brown with two straight dorsolateral stripes that are white to yellow on the body and yellow to orange on the head. The snout and the forelimbs are yellow. Flanks are black. The concealed surfaces of thighs have a faintly yellow line along the length of the thigh dorsally. The venter is white to cream; the throat is vivid yellow, sometimes with faint dark dots.

This species is endemic to Cuba and it is found throughout the island, at low, moderate and high elevations (up to 1200 m). This is a terrestrial species found in the leaf litter and under objects on the ground in mesic forests, although sometimes it is found in more xeric areas. It is very common in pinewoods.

This frog is diurnally active, vocalizing from the ground surface. Calls consist of a series of irregular, quiet “peeps” with the dominant frequency about 6.3 kHz. It is a direct developing species, depositing a single, large egg under leaf litter. Food includes ants (Camponotus, Odontomachus, Solenopsis) and small beetles.

This species is particularly susceptible to disturbance of its forest habitat. Livestock and subsistence agriculture are major threats to this species. Some natural areas in Eastern Cuba have been degraded and substituted by coffee or timber plantations, or even by pastures, inducing the extinction of this species in its original habitat.